Evidence-Based Treatment Protocols

Ribavirin Administration Protocol for HPS

Level B

Category: Treatment
Recommendation: Conditional
Source: CDC / NEJM

Hantavirus Exposure Risk Assessment and Post-Exposure Guidance

Level B

Category: Prevention
Recommendation: Moderate
Source: CDC / Public Health England

HPS Haemodynamic Support and Shock Management

Level A

Category: Treatment
Recommendation: Moderate
Source: SCCM / CDC

HPS Diagnosis and Initial Assessment Protocol

Level A

Category: Management
Recommendation: Strong
Source: CDC / IDSA

HPS Respiratory Management and Ventilation Protocol

Level A

Category: Treatment
Recommendation: Strong
Source: CDC / SCCM

HPS Infection Prevention and Control in Healthcare Settings

Level A

Category: Prevention
Recommendation: Strong
Source: CDC / WHO

HFRS Diagnosis and Management Protocol

Level A

Category: Management
Recommendation: Strong
Source: ECDC / WHO

Active Clinical Trials

Monoclonal Antibody MedImmune-558 for HPS
Phase I — Immunotherapy
Paused

A Phase I dose-escalation safety trial of a human monoclonal antibody targeting the Sin Nombre virus Gn glycoprotein. The antibody demonstrated complete protection in Syrian hamster and cynomolgus macaque models. This first-in-human trial evaluates s...

Enrollment: 24 patients
Location: United States
Institution: USAMRIID / MedImmune
Contact: View Details
HantaVax Efficacy Trial — Sin Nombre Virus
Phase II — Vaccine
Recruiting

A Phase II, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the immunogenicity, safety, and preliminary efficacy of HantaVax-SN, a DNA-plasmid vaccine encoding the Sin Nombre virus nucleocapsid protein and glycoproteins. Three intramusc...

Enrollment: 0 patients
Location: United States
Institution: CDC Viral Special Pathogens Branch
Contact: View Details
Convalescent Plasma for Severe HPS
Phase II — Immunotherapy
Recruiting

A multicentre, randomised pilot trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of high-titre anti-Sin Nombre virus convalescent plasma in patients with confirmed severe HPS (requiring ICU admission). Plasma is collected from recovered HPS patients with neu...

Enrollment: 45 patients
Location: United States
Institution: USAMRIID
Contact: View Details
Favipiravir for Puumala Virus HFRS
Phase II — Antiviral Drug
Active

An open-label, randomised controlled trial evaluating favipiravir (T-705), a broad-spectrum RNA polymerase inhibitor, in patients with confirmed Puumala virus Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome presenting within 5 days of fever onset. Conducted in...

Enrollment: 156 patients
Location: Finland
Institution: University of Helsinki
Contact: View Details
ECMO vs Standard Ventilation in Severe HPS
Phase II — Device / Life Support
Completed

A prospective observational study with historical controls comparing outcomes of veno-venous ECMO versus maximal conventional mechanical ventilation in patients with severe HPS (PaO2/FiO2 <100 or pH <7.2). Conducted across 8 ECMO-capable centres in t...

Enrollment: 89 patients
Location: United States
Institution: Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
Contact: View Details
Intravenous Ribavirin for Early HPS Treatment
Phase III — Antiviral Drug
Completed

A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of intravenous ribavirin administered within 7 days of symptom onset in patients with confirmed Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome. Primary endpoint is 28-day all-caus...

Enrollment: 312 patients
Location: United States
Institution: University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center
Contact: View Details

Clinical Outcomes Summary

Outcome Cases Avg. LOS Avg. Age Ventilator Use ICU Admission
Recovered 3 0 days 0 years 0 cases 0 cases
Died 1 0 days 0 years 0 cases 0 cases
Active 6 0 days 0 years 0 cases 0 cases

Latest Research & Publications

Climate Drivers of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome Incidence in the American South...

Authors: Glass GE, Cheek JE, Patz JA, Tong T, Kelen GD, Schwartz BS

Analysis of 30-year HPS surveillance data correlated with climate indices reveals El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events precede HPS case surges ...

Nature Climate Change
Published: Aug 22, 2023
DOI: 10.1038/s41558-023-01701-5

Long-Term Pulmonary Outcomes in HPS Survivors: A 5-Year Prospective Follow-Up St...

Authors: Lemos ER, Jonsson CB, Jonsson LM, Jandolo B

5-year longitudinal follow-up of 67 HPS survivors from index admission. At 5 years: 18% had persistent exercise intolerance (6MWT distance >20% below ...

Thorax
Published: Jun 01, 2023
DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2022-219847

Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome — Clinical Features, Pathogenesis and Treatment:...

Authors: Mackow ER, Gavrilovskaya IN, Bharadwaj M, Bhatt DL

This systematic review of 847 confirmed HPS cases across 14 studies describes the clinical spectrum, pathophysiological mechanisms, and current treatm...

The Lancet Infectious Diseases
Published: Apr 15, 2023
DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(23)00112-4

Global Hantavirus Seroprevalence: A Meta-Analysis of 218 Studies

Authors: Manigold T, Vial P, Ferres M, Hjelle B

Systematic meta-analysis of hantavirus seroprevalence studies across 52 countries, comprising data from 218 studies and 287,000 participants. Global s...

Emerging Infectious Diseases
Published: Jan 15, 2023
DOI: 10.3201/eid2901.220891